Just-So stories in the garb of hypotheses support many current theories. Over 41 km is the present record. I think perhaps you could learn some very interesting science by starting at the beginning and learning about the science of geology in a systematic way. No doubt We have a Sinclair dino sign on the fence in our driveway and about a dozen inflatable Sinclair dinos I always pick a couple up at Sinclairs booth at NAPE. Bertha Rogers. Its currently producing about 60,000 bbl/d and 110 mmcf/d (~78,000 BOE/d) from 8 wells And its still ramping up. Youve gotta wonder how high they were when they made that graphic. Much information comes from such holes; for example, the bottom of this hole was about 370F (190C). We know because of the deepest hole drilled by humans into the Earths crust. Yeap, Kyle M. Fischer, Randall S. Mathis, Exxon Neftegas; Michael J. Egan, consultant to Exxon Neftegas. UA is committed to providing accessible websites. Other plates have been, and still are, doing so. Citation formats. One other observation: the higher ratio of gas to oil in the deeper (older) strata compared to that in the more shallow (younger) strata is consistent with the cracking of liquid hydrocarbons to produce gaseous hydrocarbons due to increasing heat with depth. They are registered with several professional bodies, including the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), the British Psychological Society (BPS), as well as, BACP, UKCP and BABCP. 1 in Washita County, drilled in 1971 to 31,441 feet, was then the world's deepest well. This sidesteps the basic question of how so much organic material (eliminating an abiotic origin) became so deeply buriedvia subduction, subsidence or sedimentation overlayin the first place to eventually allow its transformation into oil and its percolation upwards. The Quaternary can be more than 30,000 thick in some locations. The deepest well ever drilled for any reason, the Kola Superdeep Borehole in Russia, only went down 40,230 feet. The Depraved and MOST Deplorable Vlad the Impaler, The Worlds Deepest Oil Well: How Bad Science Spreads on the Internet, Increase in U.S. Wildfires Due to Climate Change, Climate Change Will Increase the Number and Severity of Tornadoes. 1 barrel of crude oil = 5,722,000 Btu The squiggly lines on the cross section are unconformities. He launched from downtown Bombay, India, and landed 240 km (150 mi) south in Panchale.. I remember being told once that the USGS had a sort of gentlemans agreement with at least some of the oil companies that if they hit economic basement, they should keep drilling long enough to recover enough rock to characterize it. Dates. The jars, essentially and universally used in fishing with cable tools, consist off two heavy forged-steel links, interlocking as the links of a cable chain, but fitting together more snugly, he added. Red areas indicate ~20,000 meter sediment thickness. The most on a shelf fixed platform is 60 on Grand Isle 17 in 55 water depth. Where they were digging, the Moho is 16,000 ft deep, so the team fell far short of their goal. I will cease asking questions on this subject matter in deference to those I have obviously upset. The great expense and technological expertise necessary to complete gas wells at these depths has made the Anadarko Basin the domain of the major petroleum corporations, and at the close of the twentieth century this vast Oklahoma region was the most prolific gas-producing area in the nation. The depths on the chart are approximations based on a generalized geothermal gradient. I doubt there will ever be a day that no new textbooks are needed. In re-energizing America, Anadarko will not yield its gas easily or briefly. Australias Green Transition Energy Price Caps are Causing Supply Side Chaos, ESG Check in: More details on the Securities & Exchange Commissions Activist Role in the Whole of Government Push on ESG, Climate Risk Disclosure, Weekly Climate and Energy News Roundup #536. According to what we have learned this week, thereare three ways to approach an argument. When wells are drilled, the depth is measured from a reference datum, usually the Kelly bushing (KB) of the drilling rig. Reminds me of We will travel 20,000 leagues under the sea!. 74-89% of retail investor accounts lose money. By the early 1900s, rotary drilling introduced the hollow drill stem that enabled broken rock debris to be washed out of the borehole. Lindquist, Sandra J. In percussion drilling, the heavy cable-tool assembly could get jammed in the borehole and could no longer be repeatedly lifted and dropped. I saw this after posting. Any high school student could make the paradoxes go away. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://m.youtube.com/watch%3Fv%3DFHtvDA0W34I&ved=2ahUKEwj73Ky8897hAhVDmIsKHbfZCfAQwqsBMAB6BAgGEAU&usg=AOvVaw3fMJb2nOZzbkk6cRpI1kqX. You might want to start with McPhees Annals of the Former World, its a bit dated now, but still a good introduction to the history of the North American continent. But people that are aware that pretty much all knowledge is provisional, to at least a certain extent, have a far better chance of doing so. It was the deepest borehole in the world until June 6, 1979 it is not overtaken Kola ultradeep wells. After my first Physical Geology class in September 1976, I realized that I knew even less than I thought I did . That email address is already in the database. 901-759-0029, Midtown / Memphis Campus And further west, there is also a long history of various cycles and processes, including uplift, erosion, sedimentation, further uplift, etc. 1 Sanders well in Beckham County became Oklahomas deepest natural gas producing well at 24,996 feet. . Most of the seafloor has a thin veneer of sediment But, the depocenters have enormously thick sedimentary sequences. In both cases, the crust overlies a mantle which can be detected because it transmits seismic waves at a distinctly higher velocity than does the crust, although there are also velocity variations within the crust itself. All of these have bottomhole temperatures less than 300 F. A 2014 geologic map of 50,000 square mile Anadarko Basin showing thickness of strata courtesy U.S. Geological Survey. Dont worry about what they call you. Andrew Breitbart |readmore, the worlds most viewed climate website Well, very deep. Which typically means it must be porous, and capped by an overlying layer of impermeable material. Helium. As old ocean plates are subducted, sometimes islands, sediments, and anything else sitting on top of them is scraped off and accreted in the area adjacent to the subduction zone. Bess Mills-Bullard, Digest of Oklahoma Oil and Gas Fields, Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 40, Vol. If one says subduction, I say Mt. Jackson, TN 38305 Dinosaur carcasses are (rarely) found in marine sedimentary deposits (including shales), presumably after coming down a river or possibly washed out to sea by hurricanes or tsunamis. One of the reasons why places like the Gulf of Mexico exist, and have such large amounts of sediment and such old sedimentary rock in place,is because they have, for various reasons, never been subducted. At 31,441 feet, the Bertha Rogers well held a record at the turn of the twenty-first century as the world's deepest producing well. More than 500 of her poems have been published in literary journals, and she had received eight nominations for the Pushcart Prize. The Lone Star Producing Company 127 Bertha Rogers hole or well was an oil-exploratory hole drilled in Washita County, Oklahoma in 1974, and was the world's deepest hole[2] until it was surpassed in 1979 by the Kola Superdeep Borehole, dug by the USSR. it would be interesting to read Fuel Fighters account of this well. About 10,000 to 11,000 below the surface well within the oil window. As depths increased, frequent stops were needed to bail out water and cuttings and sharpen the bits iron edge. Your Amazon purchase benefits the American Oil & Gas Historical Society. Other times, when plates collide, one plate can be lifted onto another. While they do not appear to based on directly dating the hydrocarbons, the geological strata referenced and those strata in which hydrocarbons have NOT been found in any significant quantity does, to me, seem to rule out the abiotic oil theory on the following grounds: al. Did the oil form directly under the sands and rock of the peninsula strictly due to sedimentation? The world's most viewed site on global warming and climate change, This eye-catching blog post was published in 2017 by Fuel Fighter. This is perhaps the most geologically ignorant sentence I have ever read. Greenhouse Effect noun the trapping of the suns warmth in the planets lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planets surface. I also worked on projects with 30 wells in a single drilling pad in Russia, and 28 heavy oil wells in Venezuela. An abiogenic hypothesis for oil contained in subsurface geological formations was first proposed by Georgius Agricola in the 16th century, and most recently was popularized by Thomas Gold from 1980-2000. Its more like a very large trampoline where rivers dump enormous amounts of sand and mud, driving it down with their weight. Even deeper oil reservoirs have been discovered in the oil window, many of these will be coming on production over the next few years. Before starting out of the hole we spotted 50 sacks of bar and pumped it down to the diamond bit level. The worst part of it is, most of them think they have a pretty good idea about stuff they know zero about. In vertical holes, the measured depth equals the true vertical depth. 615-447-2500, Germantown / Memphis Campus Would the error of using MD for TVD be picked up by Facebooks Department of Truth and all references to it removed? One of the cable tool sections would eventually yield, unscrew, and be removed.. Too bad about that guy in South America. Most recently, geologically speaking, the whole of the North American plate has been moving westward, and lands, island chains, small continents, pieces of ocean floor, etc, have been accreted onto the plate as it moved west and overran what used to be there. I came across an crazy example of this, or at least a purported example, a month or two ago when reading some material posted by others on Twitter, during one of those never ending comment threads that occur there. Dr. Bertha Alarcon Vargas, DDS, is a General Dentistry specialist practicing in Pomona, CA with 33 years of experience. Basic fishing tools include the spear and socket, each with milled edges. No part of this site may be construed as in the public domain. & Geological Survey (U.S.). Yes, it is hard for me to understand this observation without appealing to vertical land motion associated with subduction. However, if hydrocarbons (both gas and liquid) tend to percolate/migrate upward against gravity, as others have mentioned, one wonders what mechanism/geology is so effective at preventing gas diffusion for as long as 400 million years? UmJeff, pretty sure DM just gave you the opposite of a slang definition. , In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. A craton is an old, stable, block of continental crust which forms the nucleus of a continent. Petroleum-like substances have been associated with hydrothermal vents in basins with thick organic-rich sediments. Until the 1960s,few companies couldrisk millions of dollars and push rotary rig drilling technology to reach beyondthe 13,000-foot level in what geologists called the deep gas play.. To scientists, one of the more fascinating findings to emerge from this well is that the change in seismic velocities was not found at a boundary marking Jeffreys' hypothetical transition from granite to basalt; it was at the bottom of a layer of metamorphic rock (rock which has been intensively reworked by heat and pressure) that extended from about 3 to about 6 miles beneath the surface. Earth history is like a giant jigsaw puzzle melded to a mystery story, and figuring out what has happened by looking for various clues is what geologists spend a lot of time doing. For 20th Centurys final quarter the Basin remains the frontier of deep drilling technology centered on Elk City, Deep Gas Capital of the World. The Bakken & Three Forks are well-within the oil window. Aristotlesolely sees argument through the three. contrast them as you understand their similaritiesand differences. This was sometimes unpopular where wells were closely spaced. Wow! Practically all of these discoveries developed at depths of less than ten thousand feet. But I invite scientists more knowledgeable than me to comment on this. Given the technology and funds, geologists would like to try to go deeper for core samples, but digging such holes requires much patience, money, technology, and luck. However, if hydrocarbons (both gas and liquid) tend to percolate/migrate upward against gravity, as others have mentioned, one wonders what mechanism/geology is so effective at preventing gas diffusion for as long as 400 million years? The second drilling campaign at the Chayvo field, located offshore Sakhalin Island, targeted a new reservoir zone using extended-reach wells from onshore. Yosemite Park is a famous example of this. Are they against the benefits fuel does for people? Or at least, such is my understanding, in a nutshell. Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). As one of my keepsakes I have very bottom 3 inches of the the 2 inch core. Well fishing tools are constantly being improved and new ones introduced, explained David T. Day in his A Handbook of the Petroleum Industry in 1922. Given what I know, drilling below 10 thousand meters vertical depth is a waste of money. In 1926, British geophysicist Harold Jeffreys proposed that this transition zone within the crust, identifiable on seismic records around most of the world as a "jump" in seismic velocity, could be attributed to a change in rock type from granite to a denser "basement" of basalt (basalts can be seen at the surface when they emerge as lava flows). However, there are quite a few oil wells in the Gulf producing from oil reservoirs at true vertical depths of 20,000 to 28,000. The Kola superdeep borehole, drilled in Russias Far East during the 70s and early 80s, was drilled simply to see how far into the ground we can go. In some places the crust wrinkled into mountains, at various times and places. My interest was in meteorology. Nicholas McGinley, thank you for your patient, in-depth explanations that have educated me, the a freshman geology student, with no understanding of geology. Bertha Rogers Well Location Location Burns Flat, Dill City, Oklahoma, USA state Oklahoma Country USA Coordinates Coordinates: 3519N9911W / 35.31N 99.19W / 35.31; -99 Production Products Natural Gas Type Gas Well Greatest depth 31,441 feet (9,583 m) History Opened 1974 Closed 1997 Owner Company Lone Star Producing Company Societies dont produce energy, businesses do. Jonathon Moseley, American Thinker, flashy (apparently widely distributed) Michael E. Mann, Material on this website is copyright 2006-2022, by Anthony Watts, and may not be stored or archived separately, rebroadcast, or republished without written permission. The Collapse of Complex Societies by Joseph Tainter pdf The good stuff starts in Chapter 4. Any place where materials from uphill are deposited becomes a sediment. I note that the NOAA graphic of total sedimentation across Earths oceans is generally consistent with the data presented in the Peter Olson, et. In challenging the inventive enterprise of Americas energy industry, this Basin will remain the heartland of technology in penetrating the earths crust. Maybe slang isnt the right word, but its obviously a shorthand or informal way of referring to molecular breakdown. The great expense and technological expertise necessary to complete gas wells at these depths has made the Anadarko Basin the domain of the major petroleum corporations, and at the close of the twentieth century . Has any oil sample been found to scientifically date to prior to the beginning of the Triassic period, approx. Drilling usually would continue into the night, illuminated by two-wicked yellow dog lanterns. 1 well, which sought natural gas almost six miles deep in Oklahomas Anadarko Basin. Plateaus at the same altitude. & USGS World Energy Assessment Team. Completion designs were optimized to successfully run an approximately 3,600-m open-hole completion, and the well was finished in approximately 70 days. In 2008, an oil well was drilled to 40,318 feet in Qatar. Simply put, hydrocarbon cracking is the process of breaking a long-chain of hydrocarbons into short ones. Tabular salt acts like a radiator. It required about eight hours for bottom hole cuttings to reach the surface almost six miles above. The rigs in North Dakota are large because supporting two miles of pipe takes a lot of steel. Those that hit one of the deep productive zones had an extremely long production life for a gas well, and still had all the remaining upper zones remaining to complete in the future. At the same time as rocks are being lifted up into mountain ranges, erosional processes are wearing them down again. We actually do know where oil comes from. A 1974 souvenir of the Bertha Roger No. The Hugoton Embayment of the Anadarko Basin is 5,000 feet vertical TD. On April 13, 1974, Bertha Rogers No. Since that strain was always to the left, the die gradually cut a thread in the stuck cable tool. The Kola Bore Hole Unfortunately for Lone Star, they didn't find any oil. I have enjoyed it all and am now embarking on a more cerebral journey; equally as challenging! And the hotter it gets, the drier the gas. I think that was an Honoury Darwin Award because he survived, The graphic got the hot air balloon height wrong as well. Tech Breakthrough Could Spark A Geothermal Energy Boom, Oil Prices Higher Despite Bearish Inventory Data, Unseasonably Warm Weather Could Help End The War In Ukraine, U.S. Oil Production Growths Path Is Clear, 180 Million Barrels Of Crude May Never Be Returned To The SPR, Saudi Arabia Is Open To Discuss Non-Dollar Oil Trade Settlements, Why Oils 7-Month Downturn May Be About To Reverse. 2745 Hacks Cross Road Methane isnt oil. Sixty years ago, I worked as a floor hand on daylights when the worlds deepest well hit the bottom at 24,0002 feet in dark gray Hunton shale. Unfortunately, at this depth the. Any trading and execution of orders mentioned on this website is carried out by and through OPCMarkets. Join in! Id take some time to reply, but unfortunately, Im expecting a call on the geophone from my friend, Moho. Renewed assessment of some 22,000 cubic miles of deep sediments may carry over into the 21st Century. A pipe connection might bend. The downhole tool assemblies could no longer be lifted and dropped. There are no oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico with bottom hole temperatures outside of the oil window. This motion is typically a few inches per year. She was born March 9, 1932 in Washington County, Va., a daughter of the late Walter Robert and Minnie May Smith Montgomery. Nearby this inland sea were large mountains that were lifted up and eroded away. UmJeff, pretty sure DM just gave you the opposite of a slang definition. How deep into the ground do we have to go to tap the resources we need to keep the lights on? Its not only not the worlds deepest oil well, its about 20,000 shy of the deepest oil well in the Gulf of Mexico, possibly deepest in the world. Keep piling the sediments on and the crust below sinks. Heres what Wikipedia says about Lawn Chair Larry. Sometimes a wood, wax and nails impression block was first lowered to get an idea of what lay downhole. Merchant of Record: A Media Solutions trading as Oilprice.com. This is a place where a salt water sea exists, connected to the ocean but underlain by continental crust. . The plate that North America sits on includes some sections that are very old, and some that are brand spanking new, and everything in between. Warren County roadside marker photo. While several of the media reports and the Fuel Fix infographic allude to drilling sideways or extended-reach, they all seem omit the word vertical. And all of them leave the reader with the impression that this is the deepest oil well ever drilled. Prior to this, the deepest well was the 31,441 feet deep Lone Star Producing Co. 1-27 Bertha Rogers well in Washita County, Oklahoma. which consist of Aristotle, Rogers, and Toulmin. The oil migrated upward from deeper Mesozoic and Lower Tertiary source rocks. Amazing would be more aptif only this depth were true. No. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cracking_(chemistry), Hey, I was pretty close for a simple explanation. In 1979 the No. There are many such places around right now, such as Hudson Bay. Apparently, 12 kilometers was the maximum at the time before technical difficulties related to pressure, resistance, and heat became overwhelming. True vertical depth is how deep the well was drilled. The shallow horizons of Greater Anadarko account for much of this nations proved gas reserves. During some of these processes, the whole continent was compressed and the lands lifted up, and what had been inland sea and deep areas of sediment got lifted miles up. The Chayvo wells were impressive accomplishments, Apr 22, 2014 Extended-reach drilling project from onshore rig surpasses previous Sakhalin campaigns, sets world records for MD, By Vishwas P. Gupta, ExxonMobil Development Co; Angel H.P. Remains of birds (which are dinosaurs) are slightly more common. The Earth's crust is broken into many smaller plates that slide very slowly over a more mobile or 'plastic' material called the asthenosphere. In 1976 or 77 when I was stationed at NAS Agana Guam the weather radar guys at Anderson AFB painted a stationary offshore thunderstorm at 85,000 feet. The Kola Peninsula. The bottomhole temperature was 475 F (246 C) and the pressure was pushing 25,000 psi. I ask this in the context of modern fracking technology, such as might be employed in the UK in Lancashire, if the political hurdles are ever overcome (which I now doubt they ever will be). The bottom hole temperature was 226 F. Slow moving currents in the layers under the crust push the plates around the planet over time. Research genealogy for Bertha Rogers of Broken Hill, NSW, Australia, as well as other members of the Rogers family, on Ancestry. https://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/Disciplines/Drilling.aspx. It is not oil or gas that is being sought with the Kola well, but an understanding of the nature of the earth's crust. The rate of cracking and the end products are strongly dependent on the temperature and presence of catalysts. Terrific post. Theres an Objectively Measured Earth Surface Temperature, U.S. ', British Volt Collapses intoAdministration, Climate Activism Isnt About the Planet. but then again it has been implied that I am ignorant of geology. The reservoirs are relatively shallow, young (Miocene to Pliocene Epochs) and the entire total petroleum system is within the Neogene Period (less than 23 million years old. Much of the oil off the coast of places like Santa Barbara, California is now reachable from onshore drilling. However, valuable core samples were obtained and a lot was learned about deep sea drilling. Way out of my comfort zone and not trying to speak for DM, but cracking I think is an industry term for the breakdown of long petroleum hydrocarbon chains into smaller ones, I guess which occurs at higher temperatures. The Bakken shale has a total organic carbon content (TOC) which averages about 11%. Rotten dinosaurs, honest! Some material from contributors may contain additional copyrights of their respective company or organization.
